ABSTRACT
Nephrotic syndrome (NS) and glomerulonephritis (GN) are disorders of varied etiologies. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is one of the multisystemic diseases causing NS and GN. SLE is often suspected whenever NS/GN is associated with extrarenal manifestations. However, it presents solely as NS or GN without extrarenal features in a handful of cases. This affects the prognosis adversely as negligent delay in diagnosis of SLE and initiation of immunosuppressive therapy is associated with poorer response. We present a series of five women who presented solely with renal manifestations. The diagnosis of SLE was delayed, as the women did not have any extrarenal features. We started immunosuppressive therapy after a diagnosis of lupus nephritis was made in retrospect after a kidney biopsy. This case series highlights the importance of performing serology tests for SLE in all young female patients who present with NS/GN to avoid delay in diagnosis.
ABSTRACT
Background: Hematocrits have always been helpful to doctors as they are important parameters used on a daily basis. With the latest technology one can measure different indices of platelets mainly Plateletcrit, PC, MPV, PDW. Aim and objectives: To study the role of platelet distribution width as a prognostic factor of outcome in hemorrhagic stroke. Materials and methods: This study included 35 patients of hemorrhagic stroke coming to MGM hospital, Kamothe. Results: The study contained of 13 females and 22 male patients. Group A consisted of 5 patients. As the patients expired within 24 hours, only a single value of PDW was available in these patients. The mean of the PDW of these patients was 16.92 with a SD of 1.22. Conclusion: PDW may act as a prognostic factor of mortality in hemorrhagic stroke.
ABSTRACT
Background: Dengue fever with its severe manifestations, such as dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS) has emerged as a major public health problem of international concern. Dengue, presenting as dengue fever (DF) or DHF or DSS, also has some effect on liver function. This study was conducted to find out the impact of dengue on liver function and correlation between clinical manifestation of dengue fever and degree of liver injury. Materials and methods: This prospective randomized study was done on 200 outpatient department/inpatient department (OPD/IPD) patients in age group of 12 to 60 years including both sexes who confirm to the predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Investigation included measurements of serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), prothrombin time/international normalized ratio (PT/INR) and creatinine. Degree of liver involvement was classified in four groups. Results Out of 200 cases, 181 (90.5%) were diagnosed as dengue fever, nine (4.5%) as DHF, five (2.5%) as DSS, five (2.5%) as hepato-renal involvement; 24 (12.0%) had grade 0 liver injury, 126 (63.0%) had grade 1 liver injury, 34 (17%) had grade 2 liver injury, 10 (5.0%) had grade 3 liver injury and six (3.0%) had grade 4 liver injury. Conclusion: Mild elevation of the liver enzymes is a common feature of dengue infection. There is high relation between the degree of liver damage and the appearance of the complications.